Introduction of Nano Cars into Robotics

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Haptic Technology

ABSTRACT

“HAPTICS”-- a technology that adds the sense of touch to virtual environment .Haptic interfaces allow the user to feel as well as to see virtual objects on a computer, and so we can give an illusion of touching surfaces, shaping virtual clay or moving objects around.

The sensation of touch is the brain’s most effective learning mechanism --more effective than seeing or hearing—which is why the new technology holds so much promise as a teaching tool.

Haptic technology is like exploring the virtual world with a stick. If you push the stick into a virtual balloon push back .The computer communicates sensations through a haptic interface –a stick, scalpel, racket or pen that is connected to a force-exerting motors.

With this technology we can now sit down at a computer terminal and touch objects that exist only in the "mind" of the computer.By using special input/output devices (joysticks, data gloves, or other devices), users can receive feedback from computer applications in the form of felt sensations in the hand or other parts of the body. In combination with a visual display, haptics technology can be used to train people for tasks requiring hand-eye coordination, such as surgery and space ship maneuvers.In this paper we explicate how sensors and actuators are used for tracking the position and movement of the haptic device moved by the operator. We mention the different types of force rendering algorithms. Then, we move on to a few applications of Haptic Technology. Finally we conclude by mentioning a few future developments

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FREE SPACE OPTICS

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ABSTRACT

This paper deals with communication through optics using one of the latest technologies called the free space optics (FSO).FSO may sound new and experimental but in fact it predates optical fiber and has its roots in wartime efforts to develop secure communication systems that did not require cable and could withstand radio jamming.As a commercial communications technology, FSO has been around for more than a decade, but it is only recently that interest in this technology has started to grow. It was only recently developed for use in metropolitan area networks. The technology has its roots in military applications that reach back as far as the 1940s.

It was not until the 1960s, however, that the first significant FSO technology advancements began to occur in the United States, Europe and Middle East, where military researchers, engineers and technicians applied the use of infrared lasers in communications devices with the aim of providing secure data and voice transmission that would not be susceptible to “jamming” of radio frequency-based communications systems.

These early FSO systems were capable of transmitting merely a handful of kilobits over the air, but the advent of the Internet and its impact on telecommunications was decades away. In fact, European researchers of FSO systems in the 1960s experimented with ways to send FSO signals through both underground and underwater pipes, seeking to bend the invisible light beams with mirrors where a straight line-of-site could not be established. 

RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT: Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a method of remotely storing and retrieving data using devices called RFID tags. An RFID tag is a small object, such as an adhesive sticker, that can be attached to or incorporated into a product. RFID tags contain antennae to enable them to receive and respond to radio-frequency queries from an RFID transceiver.
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OPTICAL_COMPUTER

ABSTRACT:
 In the modern age computer must perform tasks as with the speed of light, so that it is able to control robot in space, 50 million kms away. This bring about the idea to build an “Optical Computer”, that work open onlight(photons) instead of electrons or combination of both. Research is in full progress into a next generation computer utilizing the properties of light . The so-called “Optical Computer” of the future is the subject of discussion by  researchers all over the world,  as to its possibilities and problems along the way to realization.Optical switch , optical gates, function interconnection module,pipelined processors, storage elements, optical array logic, image processing and to have detail about light and  molecules used to make thin films of optical computer. Thus this fast speed optical computer will make some “impossible thing to look like ‘I am possible’”…. Optics is entering all phases of computer technology. How and why optics is likely to be used in next generation computers and optical devices for optical computing, optical associative memories, optical interconnections and optical logic. All optical components will have the advantage of speed over electro-optical (EO) devices the unique advantage optics enjoys over conventional electronics and why this trend will continue
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